Cassia fistula, commonly known as golden shower,[2]purging cassia,[3]Indian laburnum,[4] or pudding-pipe tree,[5] is a flowering plant in the subfamily, Caesalpiniaceae of the legume family, Fabaceae. The species is native to the Indian subcontinent and adjacent regions of Southeast Asia. It ranges from eastward throughout India to Myanmar and Thailand and south to Sri Lanka and southern Pakistan. It is a popular ornamental plant and is also used in herbal medicine. It is both the national tree and national flower of Thailand. It is the state flower of Kerala in India.
Description[edit]
The golden shower tree is a medium-sized tree, growing to 10-20 m (33-66 ft) tall with fast growth. The leaves are deciduous, 15-60 cm (6-24 in) long, and pinnate with three to eight pairs of leaflets, each leaflet 7-21 cm (3-8 in) long and 4-9 cm (1.6-3.5 in) broad. The flowers are produced in pendulous racemes 20-40 cm (8-16 in) long, each flower 4-7 cm (1.6-2.8 in) diameter with five yellow petals of equal size and shape. The fruit is a legume, 30-60 cm (12-24 in) long and 1.5-2.5 cm (0.6-1.0 in) broad, with a pungent odor and containing several seeds. The tree has strong and very durable wood, and has been used to construct "Ehela Kanuwa", a site at Adams Peak, Sri Lanka, which is made of C. fistula (ahala, ehela, or aehaela, in Sinhala [6]) heartwood.
Cultivation[edit]
C. fistula is widely grown as an ornamental plant in tropical and subtropical areas. It blooms in late spring. Flowering is profuse, with trees being covered with yellow flowers, many times with almost no leaf being seen. It grows well in dry climates. Growth for this tree is best in full sun on well-drained soil; it is relatively drought-tolerant and slightly salt-tolerant. It will tolerate light brief frost, but can get damaged if the cold persists. It can be subject to mildew or leaf spot, especially during the second half of the growing season. The tree blooms better with pronounced differences between summer and winter temperatures.
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